NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology Final Exam with complete solutions
UTA.
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1. A patient in respiratory
distress and is breathA patient who is breathing 33 breaths per minute
is hyperventilating and blowing off CO2; thereing 33 breaths per minute. fore the PCO2 level will be low. The patient will
Which ABG value is consistent with the clinical
scenario?
PCO2 15
pH 7.30
pH 7.45
O2 sat 100%
2. A patient has a sodium level of 115 mEq/L
and is disoriented and
lethargic.Which pathologmost likely experience a respiratory alkalosis
and the two pH values provided are not consistent with this diagnosis.
b.The cause of neurologic symptoms associated
with a sodium imbalance is directly related to
fluid shifting into or out of the neurons of the
brain.With a serum sodium of 115 mEq/L, water
ical process best explains shifts into the neurons and causes them to swell.
this patient's symptoms?
a.The action potential has
become hyperpolarized.
b. Water has shifted into
the neurons and caused
them to swell.
c. Water has shifted into
the vascular space and
dehydrated the neurons.
d.The action potential has
become hypopolarized.
3. A patient experiencing dehydration should be monitored for which electrolyte
imbalance?
a. Hyperkalemia
b. Hypocalcemia
c. Hypercalcemia
d. Hyponatermia
4. A married couple presents to your office for geHypernatremia causes water to shift out of the
cell into the intravascular space and causes the
neurons to become dehydrated. An alteration
in the action potential is not seen with sodium
imbalances.
a. Serum osmolality is increased during times of
dehydration. An elevated serum osmolality will
pull potassium into the intravascular space from
the intracellular space and cause a rise in serum
potassium