NSG 298 Review of Nursing Concepts MIDTERM READINESS GUIDE Q & S 2025/2026

1. Multiple Choice: A patient with a history of heart failure is
admitted to the hospital with shortness of breath and
edema. The nurse assesses the patient's vital signs and
finds a heart rate of 110 beats per minute, respiratory rate
of 28 breaths per minute, and blood pressure of 100/60
mmHg. Which of the following nursing interventions is most
appropriate at this time?
 a) Administer oxygen therapy.
 b) Elevate the patient's legs.
 c) Encourage the patient to cough and deep breathe.
 d) Administer diuretics as ordered.
Answer: (a) Administer oxygen therapy.
Rationale: The patient is exhibiting signs of decompensated
heart failure, including tachycardia, tachypnea, and
hypotension. Oxygen therapy is the most appropriate
intervention to address the patient's immediate need for
oxygen.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: A patient with a history of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing an
acute exacerbation. The nurse assesses the patient's
respiratory status and finds that the patient is using
accessory muscles to breathe and has a wheezing sound
on auscultation. The nurse understands that the patient is
experiencing __.
Answer: Bronchospasm
Rationale: Wheezing is a hallmark sign of bronchospasm, a