NSG 123 Medical Surgical Nursing I READINESS EXAM GUIDE Q & S 2025/2026

1. Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a primary
concern when caring for a patient with a tracheostomy?
 A) Airway obstruction
 B) Nutritional deficiency
 C) Mobility issues
 D) Skin integrity
 Correct Answer: A) Airway obstruction
 Rationale: Ensuring a patent airway is crucial for a patient
with a tracheostomy to maintain adequate ventilation and
oxygenation.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: The most common cause of _________
in hospitalized patients is immobility, which can lead to
complications such as thrombosis and pneumonia.
 Correct Answer: atelectasis
 Rationale: Atelectasis refers to the collapse of lung tissue,
and immobility can prevent the normal expansion and
contraction of the lungs, leading to this condition.
3. True/False: Hyperkalemia can lead to cardiac arrest if not
treated promptly.
 Correct Answer: True
 Rationale: Elevated potassium levels can disrupt cardiac
conduction, leading to life-threatening arrhythmias and
cardiac arrest.
4. Multiple Response: Select all that apply. Which of the
following interventions are appropriate for a patient with
congestive heart failure?
 A) Fluid restriction
 B) High-sodium diet