1. What are the primary causes of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

Answer: The primary causes of PTSD include experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, such as military

combat, natural disasters, sexual assault, or physical violence. The individual's brain may struggle to process

the traumatic experience, leading to the development of PTSD symptoms.

Rationale: Understanding the causes of PTSD is crucial for health science students to identify and assess

individuals at risk, as well as to develop appropriate prevention strategies and interventions.

2. Identify three core symptoms of PTSD.

Answer: The three core symptoms of PTSD are intrusive thoughts or memories related to the traumatic

event, avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma, and hyperarousal or increased reactivity.

Rationale: Recognizing the core symptoms of PTSD is vital for health science students to accurately

diagnose and provide necessary treatment for individuals suffering from PTSD.

3. What are the primary differences between acute stress disorder (ASD) and PTSD?

Answer: Acute Stress Disorder (ASD) occurs shortly after a traumatic event, typically lasting for a

minimum of three days and a maximum of one month. In contrast, PTSD is diagnosed when symptoms

persist for longer than one month after the trauma.

Rationale: Understanding the differences between ASD and PTSD enables health science students to

differentiate between time-specific and ongoing trauma-related mental health conditions when evaluating

patients.

4. What are the first-line treatment options for PTSD?

Answer: The first-line treatment options for PTSD include trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy

(CBT) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) medication.

Rationale: Familiarity with the recommended treatment options for PTSD allows health science students to

provide evidence-based care to those affected by the disorder.

5. Explain the importance of evidence-based treatments for PTSD.

Answer: Evidence-based treatments for PTSD have been rigorously tested and proven effective through

scientific research. This approach ensures that patients receive the most suitable management strategies,

optimizing their chances of recovery.

Rationale: Understanding the critical role of evidence-based treatments equips health science students with