AC HPAT Algonquin College Test Prep Biology | Actual Questions and Answers 100% Correct| Latest Update 2025/2026

active transport ✔✔movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower
concentration to a region of higher concentration—against the concentration gradient. Active
transport requires cellular energy to achieve this movement.
passive transport ✔✔Requires NO energy, movement of molecules from high to low
concentration, moves with the concentration gradient
covalent bond ✔✔A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a
molecule
ionic bond ✔✔Linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
in a chemical compound. Such a bond forms when the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom
are transferred permanently to another atom.
allosteric bond ✔✔The regulation of an enzyme by binding an effector molecule at a site other
than the enzyme's active site.
Substrate ✔✔reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
substrate-enzyme complex ✔✔The substrate connects to the enzyme to perform chemical
reactions. It connects to the enzyme at the active site.
substrate enzyme inhibition ✔✔the substrate or product of an enzyme reaction inhibit the
enzyme's activity.
Carbohydrates ✔✔Are sugar molecules- our body breaks down carbohydrates into glucose.
Glucose, or blood sugar, is the main source of energy for your body's cells, tissues, and organs.